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AI on the factory floor
What AI actually changes in a plant, and what it never will.
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The software that actually runs a factory.
Semiconductors: chips, fabs & yield
Why a chip you can design today still cannot be built for three years.
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Samsung Made $75 Billion in One Quarter. The Reason Is 12 Chips Stacked Into One.
[Website catch-up note, added 19 Oct 2026 under Step 0.0: this run was produced on 11-12 Oct outside the website toolchain, so its description, diagram and site page were completed afterwards from the run's own script and the sources below. The delivered script and caption were not changed.]

Every Chip Factory Keeps a Liquid That Would Hurt You. It Is Water.
Somewhere inside every chip factory there is a plant whose only job is to take ordinary municipal water and remove everything from it. Remove everything: dissolved salts, metal ions, organic carbon, dissolved oxygen and nitrogen, bacteria, and particles far too small to see.

Europe Builds the Machine Every Chip Factory Needs. It Bought Zero This Year.
There is exactly one machine on Earth that can print the pattern of a modern chip, and exactly one company that makes it. That company is ASML, it is Dutch, and it is the most valuable company in Europe.

Two AI Labs Shipped Models This Week. A Chip Factory Was Reading 12 Characters.
On Tuesday 22 September 2026, two AI labs each released a new frontier model on the same day: OpenAI shipped GPT-6 Sol and GPT-6 Luna, nineteen days after GPT-6 Astra, and Anthropic shipped Claude Opus 5.5, which it says performs at the level of its previous flagship for about 40% less on a typical workload.…

3 AI Power Moves, 1 Week, and a Rule Chip Factories Wrote in 2000
The AI boom ran out of power three times this week, and a chip factory wrote the answer in the year 2000. On 16 September 2026 the US House of Representatives voted 417 to 3 for the Ratepayer Protection Act: any new load over 100 megawatts, which means an AI data centre, must pay the…